Modification of BCZT piezoelectric ceramics by modulating oxygen vacancies in different sintering atmospheres

In this work, we regulated the oxygen vacancy concentration by sintering BCZT + 0.1 mol % Y Nb [BCZT-0.1 (Y Nb)] ceramics under air, oxygen, argon, and vacuum atmospheres examined effect of on phase composition, crystal structure, microstructure, electrical properties. X-ray photoelectron spectrometry diffraction Rietveld refinement showed that air- oxygen-sintered ceramic samples had lower concentrations, octahedral lattice distortion in was stable when R-O-T phases coexisted, forming a multiphase coexistence structure with more spontaneous polarization directions. The oxygen-sintering atmosphere is important compensation, which promotes formation dense thereby increasing Curie temperature (TC). Oxygen energy low argon atmospheres, some vacancies increased mass transfer grain growth. Nevertheless, excess leakage current during resulting poor polarity, prevents directional deflection domains degrades performance. vacuum-sintered sample calcined 1000 °C air for supplementation sintering, as time increased, decreased, grains grew further, density piezoelectric properties improved. BCZT-0.1 Nb) good comprehensive (d33 = 547 pC/N, kp 55%, εr 5355, Pr 10.63 µC/cm2, EC 1.89 kV/cm, tan δ 0.02, TC 102 °C).